Kingdom:
Phylum:
Angiosperms
Order:
Malvales
Family:
Genus:
Species:
orellana
ID:
343233

Status:
valid

Authors:
L.

Source:
wcs

Year:
1753

Citation Micro:
Sp. Pl. : 512 (1753)

WFO Identifier:
wfo-0000342565

Common Names

  • Bixa Orellana
  • Annatto
  • Achiote

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Synonyms

  • Orellana americana Kuntze [unknown]
  • Orellana americana leiocarpa Kuntze [unknown]
  • Orellana orellana (L.) Kuntze [unknown]
  • Bixa upatensis Ram.Goyena [unknown]
  • Bixa acuminata Bojer [unknown]
  • Bixa americana Poir. [unknown]
  • Bixa katangensis Delpierre [unknown]
  • Bixa odorata Ruiz & Pav. [unknown]
  • Bixa orellana leiocarpa (Kuntze) Standl. & L.O.Williams [unknown]
  • Bixa orleana Noronha [unknown]
  • Bixa purpurea Sweet [unknown]
  • Bixa tinctaria Salisb. [unknown]
  • Bixa orellana leiocarpa (Kuntze) J.F.Macbr. [unknown]
  • Bixa orellana orellana [unknown]
  • Bixa tinctoria Salisb. [illegitimate]
  • Orellana americana normalis Kuntze [unknown]

Description

Bixa orellana (also called annatto, achiote, lipstick tree, and many other common names) is a shrub or small tree native to tropical regions of the Americas. It grows up to 8 m tall and has alternate, ovate leaves. The flowers are small and white, and the fruit is a capsule containing numerous seeds covered in bright red arils. It is found in tropical rainforests, secondary forests, and disturbed habitats.

Uses & Benefits

Bixa orellana is used as a natural dye for fabrics and foods, and as a medicinal plant to treat skin conditions, wounds, and digestive issues.

Flower, Seeds and Seedlings

The flower of Bixa orellana is a small, red to orange flower with five petals. The seed is a small, dark brown, oval-shaped seed. The seedlings are small, dark green, and have a single, slender stem.

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Cultivation and Propagation

Bixa orellana is a tropical shrub that can be grown in full sun or partial shade. It can be propagated from cuttings or by seed. Cuttings should be taken in late spring or early summer and planted in a well-draining potting mix. Seeds should be sown in spring or early summer in a well-draining potting mix. The seedlings should be transplanted to individual pots when they are large enough to handle.

Where to Find Bixa orellana

Bixa orellana is native to Central and South America. It can be found in moist forests and grasslands.

Bixa orellana FAQ

What is the scientific name of Bixa orellana?

Bixa orellana

What is the growth habit of Bixa orellana?

It is an evergreen shrub or small tree.

What is the flower color of Bixa orellana?

The flowers are pink or white.

References